Tips On Business Valuations 

Businesses are valued to address acquisitions, mergers, shareholding disputes, divorce litigation, admission of new partners, estate administration, etc. Business valuation is judgemental and can be complex. The estimated values can

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Sharing Of Financial Gains or Losses in Deals 

Deals  A deal, in simple terms, can be described as an agreement entered into by two or more people or parties establishing a business arrangement for mutual financial gain. Such

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Length Of Notice for Calling Shareholder Meetings. 

Types of shareholder meetings  Members, commonly known as shareholders, of a company meet through what are called general meetings. During such meetings the directors report to the shareholders and resolutions

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Protection Of Minority Shareholders 

Minority shareholders may be prejudiced by majority shareholders due to lack of voice. The Companies and Other Entities Act (Chapter 24:31), (“the Act”), provides for the protection of minority shareholders

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Annual General Meetings and Extraordinary General Meetings 

Shareholders  A company’s shareholders or members are the owners of the business. They appoint directors, also called the board of directors. The board plays an oversight role by, inter alia,

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How To Resolve Shareholder Disputes 

Origins of shareholder disputes  Disputes by co-shareholders in a business or partners in a partnership or joint venture are common. Differences by shareholders, if not resolved on time, may degenerate

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Presumption Of Regularity and Estoppel in Contracts 

Contracts  A valid contract or agreement, depending on its type, for example of sale, addresses aspects such as the parties and their capacity to act, consensus, offer and acceptance, goods

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Understanding Property Ownership Under Title Deeds, Cession 

Owning an immovable property, especially a family home, is a dream for many people. Even investors generally consider properties as secure long term investments.   The most common arrangements for holding

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Obtaining Title Deeds for Properties Held         Under Cession 

This article is in addition to the one explaining properties held under title deeds or cession. It gives pointers on how a holder of cession rights over a property may

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